Florists growing violets often use leaf propagation for these plants. In the article you will learn about step-by-step instructions for propagating these flowers in this way, the most suitable conditions for this, as well as about the features of caring for the plant.

How to care for violets?

Violet will decorate your home and will delight you with beautiful flowers, if during its cultivation some conditions are met:

1. Good illumination and lack of direct rays of the sun. The plant will bloom well if it receives at least 10-12 hours of light per day.
2. Priming. The necessary conditions for it are airiness and good moisture retention, for which vermiculite and perlite are placed in it.
3. Pot size. The capacity for growing should be three times smaller in diameter than the diameter of the plant.
4. Indoor temperature. The most suitable temperature is +20 ... + 22 ° C. It is also necessary to exclude drafts that are detrimental to the plant.
5. Proper watering. The plant is watered for 2-3 days with warm tap water. Watering can be done from above, without affecting the growth point, but can be done from below, pouring water into the pan under the pot. 15 minutes after watering, excess water from the pan must be poured so that the roots do not rot.
6. Sufficient humidity in the room. It should be at least 50%.

Important! It is strictly forbidden to spray the violets, this will cause spots on the plant.

Optimal conditions and breeding times

The most suitable period to propagate violets is spring or summer, in these seasons the sunny day is long, it should be at least 12 hours a day. During propagation, the plant is especially sensitive to a lack of air humidity, this indicator should be at the level of 50-60%.Violets are thermophilic and negatively tolerate temperature changes. For their dilution, it is necessary to maintain the temperature within +24 ... + 27 ° C.

The location for planting must be chosen taking into account the exclusion of direct sunlight, which can damage the plant. It is recommended that you select windows that face east or west for this purpose and should be shaded if necessary.

Preparation for landing

In order for the process of propagation of violets with leaflets to be successful, special attention must be paid to preparing for planting.

Choice of capacity for landing

When choosing a flower pot in which you plan to plant a plant, you should pay attention to its size. Young outlets must be planted in a pot not exceeding 5 cm in diameter. This is due to the inability of the young plant to master a large lump of earth, as a result of which the roots will rot, which can lead to the death of the violet.

6 months after planting, you can increase the diameter of its pot to 8 cm.

Did you know? In ancient Germany, the arrival of spring was celebrated on the day when the first violet was found.

Tillage

Soil treatment is also required, for which, as fertilizer, ash or charcoal should be added to it. It is also possible to use mullein for this, which must be crushed before being added to the ground. At the bottom of the tank should put a little expanded clay to avoid stagnation of water.These actions positively affect the correct development of the root system, so that the plant will be healthy.

Preparing planting material

Propagation of violets should be done from a leaf, which is located in rows 2 or 3 from the bottom. The lowest leaves are not suitable, because they are old, and those located near the center of the outlet do not cut to avoid damage to the plant.

You should look at the appearance of the sheet, it should be:

• no visible damage;
• without spots, kinks and traces of pests;
• look good and don't seem lethargic.

Important! The cutoff angle of the leaf should be 45 °, and the stem length remaining after trimming should be at least 3 cm.

After this, the sheet is washed and completely dried on a towel or napkin for 20 minutes. In place of the cut, it is necessary to apply coal, crushed into powder.

How to propagate the violet leaf: step by step instructions

You can propagate the plant with a leaf in different ways: in water, in the ground, and also using fragments of the leaf.

In water

To implement this method, the following steps should be taken:

1. Take dark glassware with a narrow neck.
2. Distilled water should be poured into the dishes. You can take flowing, but you definitely need to add activated carbon.
3. The shank should be immersed in water 1 cm.
4. Dishes with leaves should be put in a place where there are no direct rays of the sun.
5. If necessary, add water to the tank, but do not completely replace it.
6. The rotting stalk is cut to a healthy part at an angle of 45 °, then pour activated charcoal on the cut, dry for 30 minutes, change the water in the bowl and immerse the sprout there.
7. After 2-4 weeks, the appearance of roots is observed on the sprout. When they grow to 2 cm, you can root the violet by planting it in a plastic pot with pre-prepared soil.

Video: Propagation of violets in water

In the ground

To propagate the plant with leafy cuttings in the ground, you must follow this instruction:

1. Take the dishes, making holes in it at the bottom. You can use plastic glasses.
2. Pour a layer of drainage from expanded polystyrene or expanded clay to a third of the capacity.
3. The rest of the tank must be filled with soil.
4. It is necessary to make a deepening in the middle of the soil and pour there perlite mixed with earth.
5. Plant the stalk to a depth of 1.5 cm and cover it with earth.
6. Watering the sprout is done when the soil dries.

Did you know? In some areas of France, it was customary to hang a bouquet of violets under the window of a girl whose beloved had gone to war.

The disadvantage of this method is that the appearance of the roots cannot be seen, since they are not visible. But the advantage is that with this method the germination time is significantly reduced.

From leaf fragments

This method of propagation is used by flower growers with a limited number of leaves or when planting material begins to rot.

To implement this method, the following actions should be carried out:

1. The leaf should be without stalk, so it must be cut off completely. This must be done with a clean blade.
2. It is necessary to rinse the leaf in a solution of potassium permanganate, thereby stopping the process of decay.
3. The sheet must be divided so that it has at least one vein. Most often, for rooting, take the upper third of the leaf.
4. Next, cut out the fragments from the healthy part of the leaf plate.
5. It is necessary for 20 minutes to leave fragments of the sheet in the air.
6. Treat the edges of the slices with crushed activated carbon and dry for 10-15 minutes.
7. Place leaf fragments in separate containers. You can cover them with a large glass to make a mini-greenhouse. To speed up the period when children appear, you can make the backlight of a mini-greenhouse.

Video: Violet propagation by leaf fragment

Growing and caring for a plant

After the propagation of the plant, it is necessary to ensure proper care for its violet.

Watering and fertilizing

Watering is an extremely important component of proper care of the violet. Dry soil will negatively affect the appearance of the flower, and too moist can cause rotting of the roots and death of the plant.

Watering often, but with a small amount of warm water. Watering is carried out along the edge of the pot. Excess water in this case will fall into the pan, from where it needs to be poured so that it does not stagnate.

Violets need to be fed every few weeks with special organic and mineral fertilizers. Organics are introduced during the formation of the rosette, and mineral fertilizers during the flowering period.The first fertilizer application should be carried out a month after planting.

Transfer

Transplant the violet twice a year. The best time for this is spring and summer. The size of the flower pot should be increased in accordance with the growth of the roots.

The transplant must be done in loose and light soil. You can use a special primer for violets, in which perlite or vermiculite must be added 1/10 of the volume of the soil.

Important! When landing, you can not really compact the soil. In this case, it will be poorly saturated with water and dry for a long time, which will lead to a slow growth of the roots and their subsequent decay.

If it is impossible to purchase the finished soil, you can make it yourself. To do this, take sheet or turf soil, peat and sand in a ratio of 5: 3: 1. Add to the mixture 1/10 part of vermiculite or perlite and some wood ash to disinfect the soil.

Seasonal Care Features

Violets have a pronounced sensitivity to changing seasons, so during this period they need special attention. In winter, it is better to remove them from the window sills, and put on a shelf or flower stand near the window.

In winter, violets feel a lack of daylight, for this reason daylight hours should be extended using artificial lighting. The amount of watering should be reduced, otherwise it is fraught with rotting of the roots.

How to deal with pests and diseases?

Even with the most careful care, the plant can be affected by diseases and pests.

The most common diseases of violets include:

1. Fusarium When this disease is affected, the violet leaves turn brown and begin to fall off quickly. In this case, it is necessary to treat diseased plants with fungicides.
2. Powdery Mildew A white coating appears on the leaves, stems and peduncles. To treat violets, in this case, you need to spray them once with the help of "Fundozol" or "Benlat". If necessary, repeat spraying after 10 days.
3. Late blight. This disease affects the root neck of the flower, causes the appearance of brown spots on the leaves. It is dangerous because the spores of the fungus that struck the plant remain in the ground, so the plant will have to be destroyed and the pot sterilized.
4. Gray rot. It is characterized by a gray-brown coating on the plant, which quickly covers the violet and leads to its death. It is necessary to trim the affected areas of violets in a timely manner, treating it with fungicides.

1. Worms. Outwardly, they seem to be covered with lumps of fluff, located on leaves and peduncles. Bites of these pests deform leaves and cause brown spots on them. When the worms appear, it is necessary to treat the plant with such preparations as Fitoverm, Actellik or Aktara.
2. Aphid. These green insects feed on the sap of the plant, as a result of which flowering is inferior, and the petals become lethargic. You can get rid of these pests using "Mospilan" or "Actellik".
3. Spider mite. A spider web appears on the violet, the leaves become deformed and dry. To get rid of this pest, you need to treat the plant with Actellic, Akarin or Fitoverm.

Propagation of violets with a leaf will not be difficult even for a beginner grower. Using in practice all the tips for caring for this plant, and choosing for yourself a suitable way of propagating it, you can grow new healthy violets that will bring an aesthetic pleasure from your flowering without any extra expenses.