While bare tree branches sway in the winter breeze, FreshBox Farms, a closed vertical farm in Millis, Massachusetts, has thriving bright leafy lettuce greens filled with nutrients. And there are more and more such farms in the USA every day.

By 2050, people are expected, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture believes that indoor vertical farms that can work year-round have the potential to solve food security problems. On a vertical farm, crops are grown in vertically arranged layers to save space and in a climate-controlled system to optimize growing conditions.

FreshBox Farms, which has been operating since 2015, joins the growing number of domestic vertical farms that have emerged in recent years and span the entire country. These include a 32 ha farm. in Cincinnati, which claims to be the first fully automated closed farm in the world, right down to the west coast, where cabbage, leaf beets, arugula, and other greens flourish in California.

For many consumers, such as Maria Quintas-Herron of Mechanicsville, Virginia, products grown on closed vertical farms are attractive, but should be inexpensive. Quintas Herron loves jogging and understands the value of proper nutrition. She says that she would like to buy the best, freshest natural products, but at the end of the day she can no longer purchase expensive products.

World agriculture uses 70% of the freshwater resource on Earth. At the same time, vertical farms consume 70-95% less water than conventional ones.